When Does Testing Enhance Retention? A Distribution-Based Interpretation of Retrieval as a Memory Modifier

Keyphrases

• Distribution-based 100%
• Final Test 100%
• Recall Test 60%
• Cued Recall 60%
• Learning Events 40%
• Free Recall 20%
• Memory Strength 20%
• Retention Interval 20%
• Recognition Process 20%
• Long-term Retention 20%
• Powerful Learning 20%
• Proactive Interference 20%
• Successful Retrieval 20%
• Test Difficulty 20%
• Test Stress 20%