Visual exposure and visual openness: An integrated approach and comparative evaluation

This paper reports on the development of an integrated model analyzing Visual Exposure and Visual Openness in the urban environment. The authors propose a measurable morphological approach that could contribute to the planning and design process. High permeability to a view is one of the main objectives in the development of dense urban areas. It can influence a resident's satisfaction and the real estate value. In addition, Visual Exposure, referring to privacy, is also a major aspect influencing quality of the human environment. Combining these two important factors and being able to measure and evaluate both of them in one model is of a great importance and can support a sustainable urban environment.