Virus resistance induced by glucuronoxylomannan isolated from submerged cultivated yeast-like cell biomass of medicinal yellow brain mushroom tremella mesenterica ritz. Fr. (Heterobasidiomycetes) in hypersensitive host plants

The ability of exopolysaccharides produced by medicinal mushroom Tremella mesenterica to influence the mechanisms of plant resistance to viruses has been studied. It was established that neutral polysaccharides (100-1000 g/mL) can inhibit the formation of local lesions induced by the tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) (86-96) in Nicotiana tabacum and Datura stramonium plants. Acid water-soluble glucuronoxylomannan (GXM) in a concentration of 1000-2500 g/mL activates the mechanisms of virus localization and also the acquired virus resistance (AVR) in plants supersensitive to TMV de novo. This is confirmed by the fact that actinomycin D (10-20 g/mL), an inhibitor of DNA-dependent RNA-polymerase, partially inhibits the development of AVR. The possibility of using the natural product GXM as an instrument to study the mechanism of AVR as a method to decrease viral infection lesions in plants is under discussion.