TY - JOUR
T1 - Vaccination History and Risk of Lymphoma and Its Major Subtypes
AU - Kleinstern, Geffen
AU - Larson, Melissa C.
AU - Ansell, Stephen M.
AU - Thompson, Carrie A.
AU - Nowakowski, Grzegorz S.
AU - Call, Timothy G.
AU - Robinson, Dennis P.
AU - Maurer, Matthew J.
AU - Mwangi, Raphael
AU - Feldman, Andrew L.
AU - Kay, Neil E.
AU - Novak, Anne J.
AU - Habermann, Thomas M.
AU - Slager, Susan L.
AU - Cerhan, James R.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
©2021 American Association for Cancer Research
PY - 2022/2
Y1 - 2022/2
N2 - Background: Vaccinations have been hypothesized to play a role in lymphoma etiology, but there are few studies, mixed results, and limited data on lymphoma subtypes. Herein, we investigate the association of vaccinations with risk of major lymphoma subtypes. Methods: We studied 2,461 lymphoma cases and 2,253 controls enrolled from 2002 to 2014. Participants self-reported history of vaccinations against hepatitis A, hepatitis B, yellow fever, and influenza. Polytomous logistic regression was used to estimate OR and 95% confidence intervals (CI), adjusting for potential confounders. Results: After multivariable adjustment, vaccination against influenza was inversely associated with lymphoma (OR ¼ 0.82; 95% CI, 0.66–1.02), which was stronger for last vaccination 1þ years before enrollment (OR ¼ 0.71; 95% CI, 0.56–0.91) and for >5 influenza vaccinations (OR ¼ 0.56; 95% CI, 0.46–0.68). Ever vaccination against hepatitis A (OR ¼ 0.81; 95% CI, 0.66–1.00) but not hepatitis B (OR ¼ 0.97; 95% CI, 0.81–1.18) was associated with lymphoma risk, although more recent vaccinations were inversely associated with lymphoma risk for both hepatitis A (<6 years before enrollment, OR ¼ 0.56; 95% CI, 0.40–0.77) and hepatitis B (<9 years before enrollment, OR ¼ 0.72; 95% CI, 0.55–0.93). Ever vaccination against yellow fever was inversely associated with risk (OR ¼ 0.73; 95% CI, 0.55–0.96), and this did not vary by time since last vaccination. Although there was no overall statistical evidence for heterogeneity of vaccination history by lymphoma subtype, the only statistically significant inverse associations were observed for influenza and yellow fever vaccinations with diffuse large B-cell and follicular lymphoma. Conclusions: Selected vaccinations were inversely associated with lymphoma risk, with time since last vaccination relevant for some of these vaccines. Impact: Vaccinations against hepatitis A, hepatitis B, yellow fever, and influenza are unlikely to increase lymphoma risk.
AB - Background: Vaccinations have been hypothesized to play a role in lymphoma etiology, but there are few studies, mixed results, and limited data on lymphoma subtypes. Herein, we investigate the association of vaccinations with risk of major lymphoma subtypes. Methods: We studied 2,461 lymphoma cases and 2,253 controls enrolled from 2002 to 2014. Participants self-reported history of vaccinations against hepatitis A, hepatitis B, yellow fever, and influenza. Polytomous logistic regression was used to estimate OR and 95% confidence intervals (CI), adjusting for potential confounders. Results: After multivariable adjustment, vaccination against influenza was inversely associated with lymphoma (OR ¼ 0.82; 95% CI, 0.66–1.02), which was stronger for last vaccination 1þ years before enrollment (OR ¼ 0.71; 95% CI, 0.56–0.91) and for >5 influenza vaccinations (OR ¼ 0.56; 95% CI, 0.46–0.68). Ever vaccination against hepatitis A (OR ¼ 0.81; 95% CI, 0.66–1.00) but not hepatitis B (OR ¼ 0.97; 95% CI, 0.81–1.18) was associated with lymphoma risk, although more recent vaccinations were inversely associated with lymphoma risk for both hepatitis A (<6 years before enrollment, OR ¼ 0.56; 95% CI, 0.40–0.77) and hepatitis B (<9 years before enrollment, OR ¼ 0.72; 95% CI, 0.55–0.93). Ever vaccination against yellow fever was inversely associated with risk (OR ¼ 0.73; 95% CI, 0.55–0.96), and this did not vary by time since last vaccination. Although there was no overall statistical evidence for heterogeneity of vaccination history by lymphoma subtype, the only statistically significant inverse associations were observed for influenza and yellow fever vaccinations with diffuse large B-cell and follicular lymphoma. Conclusions: Selected vaccinations were inversely associated with lymphoma risk, with time since last vaccination relevant for some of these vaccines. Impact: Vaccinations against hepatitis A, hepatitis B, yellow fever, and influenza are unlikely to increase lymphoma risk.
KW - Humans
KW - Influenza Vaccines
KW - Influenza, Human
KW - Logistic Models
KW - Lymphoma/epidemiology
KW - Vaccination
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85124249549&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-21-0383
DO - 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-21-0383
M3 - Article
C2 - 34782394
AN - SCOPUS:85124249549
SN - 1055-9965
VL - 31
SP - 461
EP - 470
JO - Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers and Prevention
JF - Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers and Prevention
IS - 2
ER -