Understanding health outcomes following workplace aggression: A social exchange perspective

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Abstract

This study explored health outcomes following workplace aggression among social workers in Israel. Grounded in the social exchange theory, a relationship-based perspective was used to explain the mechanism through which exposure to workplace aggression results in employee outcomes. Reports of employees and managers were analysed with respect to the impact of varied forms of aggressive behaviours perpetrated by clients and co-workers on posttraumatic stress and somatic symptoms. The intervening effects on symptoms of two forms of perceived organisational support, organisational procedural support and interpersonal co-worker support operationalised as team trust were examined. Overall, 548 employees and 89 managers in 31 social services departments completed self-report questionnaires. Results revealed positive associations between exposure to both co-worker and client aggression, and posttraumatic stress and somatic symptoms. Importantly, while perceived organisational support is often equated with social support, this study found that two elements, organisational procedural support and team trust, had differing impacts on somatic and posttraumatic stress symptoms following WPA. Specifically, team trust was negatively associated with symptoms, while organisational procedural support showed no effect. This study has important implications for timely prevention measures to deal with workplace aggressions and valuable directions for future studies.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)e3995-e4005
JournalHealth and Social Care in the Community
Volume30
Issue number6
DOIs
StatePublished - Nov 2022

Bibliographical note

Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Keywords

  • posttraumatic stress
  • social exchange theory
  • social workers
  • somatic symptoms
  • support
  • workplace aggression

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Social Sciences (miscellaneous)
  • Sociology and Political Science
  • Health Policy
  • Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health

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