Trauma reactivation 50 years later: Yom Kippur war veterans after the October 7 attack

Fifty years after the Yom Kippur War began with a surprise attack, the October 7 terror attack caught Israelis off guard in yet another surprise attack. The current study assessed the extent to which Yom Kippur War veterans thought about the linkage between the two wars, and whether such thoughts were associated with trauma reactivation and exacerbation of distress. A web-based random sample of 297 Yom Kippur War veterans (age range 68–88) completed questionnaires five months before (T1) and two months after the October 7 attack (T2). The results showed an increase in probable posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) rates due to the Yom Kippur War, rising from 5.4 % in T1 to 13.1 % in T2. Rates of clinical depression and anxiety also rose. The study found that a significant number of veterans experienced intrusive thoughts linking the two wars. These intrusive thoughts increased the risk for probable PTSD and clinical levels of depression and anxiety, even after accounting for pre-attack symptoms. The study is among the first to show that intrusive linkage is quite frequent among older veterans who confronted another event that resonates with their focal trauma. Supporting the stress resolution perspective, this linkage increased the risk for trauma reactivation.