The longitudinal contribution of attachment models and interpersonal factors to posttraumatic growth among suicide-loss survivors

Objective: This study aimed to deepen our understanding of the interpersonal facilitators of posttraumatic growth (PTG) among suicide-loss survivors (SLSs) by focusing on the effects of attachment models on PTG in a 4-year longitudinal design. Method: One-hundred and fity-two SLSs completed a series of questionnaires tapping attachment models, self-disclosure, social support and PTG in a three-wave study design. Results: Attachment models, self-disclosure, and perceived social support at T1 were found to predict PTG levels at T2. Self-disclosure alone predicted PTG at T3. Structural equation modeling analysis revealed that interpersonal factors served as mediators of the relationship between attachment models and PTG beyond the PTG trajectory. Conclusions: Attachment models play an important role in facilitating PTG among SLSs. Thus, therapeutic interventions based on attachment models of self and other specifically designed to promote a sense of self-worth and confidence in others may be valuable in facilitating growth among SLSs.