The Effect of Leader Behavior on Processes and Outcomes in Group Counseling

The study investigated the effects of leader behavior on process and outcomes, in group counseling with a student population (n = 205). Data based on questionnaires and session transcripts were analyzed using the five dimensions suggested by Lieberman and Golant (2002). Results indicate that meaning attribution and support are the major contributors to process and outcome variables. There were more predictors of process than of outcome variables. Gains in interpersonal relationships were affected directly by stimulation and use of self, and indirectly by most of the process variables, including self-disclosure, impression of therapy, and bonding with group members. The discussion highlights the importance of the type of measurement, the theory used, and the unique population involved when investigating outcomes in group.