Abstract
Objectives Basic science studies suggest that opioids aggravate disease severity and outcomes in acute pancreatitis. We sought to determine the association of opioid use and opioid type with the clinical course and outcome of acute pancreatitis. Methods In this retrospective single-center observational study, we included all adult patients admitted with acute pancreatitis between 2008 and 2021. Patients were classified into 3 groups based on analgesia type: morphine, noonmorphine opioid, and nonopioid. Results We included 2308 patients. Of the patients, 343 (14.9%) were treated with morphine, 733 (31.8%) were treated with nonmorphine opioids, and 1232 (53.4%) patients were in the nonopioid group. The incidence of 30-day mortality did not differ significantly between study groups: 3.9%, 2.9%, and 4.4% in the nonopioid, nonmorphine-opioid, and morphine groups, respectively (P = 0.366). In multivariate analysis, the composite end point consisting of 30-day mortality, invasive ventilation, emergent abdominal surgery, and need for vasopressors was significantly more likely to occur in the morphine group than in the nonopioid group (adjusted odds ratio, 1.69; 95% confidence interval, 1.1-2.598; P = 0.01). Conclusions Mortality among acute pancreatitis patients did not differ significantly between patients receiving morphine, nonmorphine opioids, and nonopioids. However, morphine treatment was associated with higher rates of some serious adverse events.
Original language | English |
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Pages (from-to) | 523-530 |
Number of pages | 8 |
Journal | Pancreas |
Volume | 51 |
Issue number | 5 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - 1 May 2022 |
Externally published | Yes |
Bibliographical note
Publisher Copyright:© Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.
Keywords
- opioids/opiates
- pancreas
- pancreatitis
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Internal Medicine
- Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism
- Hepatology
- Endocrinology