QC-MDPC Decoders with Several Shades of Gray

Nir Drucker; Shay Gueron; Dusan Kostic

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-44223-1_3

QC-MDPC Decoders with Several Shades of Gray

Nir Drucker, Shay Gueron, Dusan Kostic

Department of Mathematics

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference contribution › peer-review

Abstract

QC-MDPC code-based KEMs rely on decoders that have a small or even negligible Decoding Failure Rate (DFR). These decoders should be efficient and implementable in constant-time. One example for a QC-MDPC KEM is the Round-2 candidate of the NIST PQC standardization project, “BIKE”. We have recently shown that the Black-Gray decoder achieves the required properties. In this paper, we define several new variants of the Black-Gray decoder. One of them, called Black-Gray-Flip, needs only 7 steps to achieve a smaller DFR than Black-Gray with 9 steps, for the same block size. On currentplatforms, our BIKE-1 (Level-1) constant-time decapsulation is (Formula Presented) faster than the previous decapsulation with Black-Gray. We also report an additional (Formula Presented) decapsulating speedup using the newandinstructions available on “Ice-Lake” micro-architecture.

Original language	English
Title of host publication	Post-Quantum Cryptography - 11th International Conference, PQCrypto 2020, Proceedings
Editors	Jintai Ding, Jean-Pierre Tillich
Publisher	Springer
Pages	35-50
Number of pages	16
ISBN (Print)	9783030442224
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-44223-1_3
State	Published - 2020
Event	11th International Conference on Post-Quantum Cryptography, PQCrypto 2020 - Paris, France Duration: 15 Apr 2020 → 17 Apr 2020

Publication series

Name	Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics)
Volume	12100 LNCS
ISSN (Print)	0302-9743
ISSN (Electronic)	1611-3349

Conference

Conference	11th International Conference on Post-Quantum Cryptography, PQCrypto 2020
Country/Territory	France
City	Paris
Period	15/04/20 → 17/04/20

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
Acknowledgments. We thank Ray Perlner from NIST for pointing out that the mock-bits technique is not sufficient for security when using static keys, which drove us to change our BIKE implementation. This research was partly supported by: The Israel Science Foundation (grant No. 3380/19); The BIU Center for Research in Applied Cryptography and Cyber Security, and the Center for Cyber Law and Policy at the University of Haifa, both in conjunction with the Israel National Cyber Bureau in the Prime Minister’s Office.

Publisher Copyright:
© 2020, Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

Keywords

BIKE
Constant-time implementation
QC-MDPC codes
QC-MDPC decoders

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Theoretical Computer Science
Computer Science (all)

Access to Document

10.1007/978-3-030-44223-1_3

Cite this

Drucker, N., Gueron, S., & Kostic, D. (2020). QC-MDPC Decoders with Several Shades of Gray. In J. Ding, & J-P. Tillich (Eds.), Post-Quantum Cryptography - 11th International Conference, PQCrypto 2020, Proceedings (pp. 35-50). (Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics); Vol. 12100 LNCS). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-44223-1_3

Drucker, Nir ; Gueron, Shay ; Kostic, Dusan. / QC-MDPC Decoders with Several Shades of Gray. Post-Quantum Cryptography - 11th International Conference, PQCrypto 2020, Proceedings. editor / Jintai Ding ; Jean-Pierre Tillich. Springer, 2020. pp. 35-50 (Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics)).

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title = "QC-MDPC Decoders with Several Shades of Gray",

abstract = "QC-MDPC code-based KEMs rely on decoders that have a small or even negligible Decoding Failure Rate (DFR). These decoders should be efficient and implementable in constant-time. One example for a QC-MDPC KEM is the Round-2 candidate of the NIST PQC standardization project, “BIKE”. We have recently shown that the Black-Gray decoder achieves the required properties. In this paper, we define several new variants of the Black-Gray decoder. One of them, called Black-Gray-Flip, needs only 7 steps to achieve a smaller DFR than Black-Gray with 9 steps, for the same block size. On currentplatforms, our BIKE-1 (Level-1) constant-time decapsulation is (Formula Presented) faster than the previous decapsulation with Black-Gray. We also report an additional (Formula Presented) decapsulating speedup using the newandinstructions available on “Ice-Lake” micro-architecture.",

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author = "Nir Drucker and Shay Gueron and Dusan Kostic",

note = "Funding Information: Acknowledgments. We thank Ray Perlner from NIST for pointing out that the mock-bits technique is not sufficient for security when using static keys, which drove us to change our BIKE implementation. This research was partly supported by: The Israel Science Foundation (grant No. 3380/19); The BIU Center for Research in Applied Cryptography and Cyber Security, and the Center for Cyber Law and Policy at the University of Haifa, both in conjunction with the Israel National Cyber Bureau in the Prime Minister{\textquoteright}s Office. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2020, Springer Nature Switzerland AG.; 11th International Conference on Post-Quantum Cryptography, PQCrypto 2020 ; Conference date: 15-04-2020 Through 17-04-2020",

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Drucker, N, Gueron, S & Kostic, D 2020, QC-MDPC Decoders with Several Shades of Gray. in J Ding & J-P Tillich (eds), Post-Quantum Cryptography - 11th International Conference, PQCrypto 2020, Proceedings. Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics), vol. 12100 LNCS, Springer, pp. 35-50, 11th International Conference on Post-Quantum Cryptography, PQCrypto 2020, Paris, France, 15/04/20. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-44223-1_3

QC-MDPC Decoders with Several Shades of Gray. / Drucker, Nir; Gueron, Shay; Kostic, Dusan.

Post-Quantum Cryptography - 11th International Conference, PQCrypto 2020, Proceedings. ed. / Jintai Ding; Jean-Pierre Tillich. Springer, 2020. p. 35-50 (Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics); Vol. 12100 LNCS).

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference contribution › peer-review

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N1 - Funding Information: Acknowledgments. We thank Ray Perlner from NIST for pointing out that the mock-bits technique is not sufficient for security when using static keys, which drove us to change our BIKE implementation. This research was partly supported by: The Israel Science Foundation (grant No. 3380/19); The BIU Center for Research in Applied Cryptography and Cyber Security, and the Center for Cyber Law and Policy at the University of Haifa, both in conjunction with the Israel National Cyber Bureau in the Prime Minister’s Office. Publisher Copyright: © 2020, Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

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Drucker N, Gueron S, Kostic D. QC-MDPC Decoders with Several Shades of Gray. In Ding J, Tillich J-P, editors, Post-Quantum Cryptography - 11th International Conference, PQCrypto 2020, Proceedings. Springer. 2020. p. 35-50. (Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics)). doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-44223-1_3

QC-MDPC Decoders with Several Shades of Gray

Abstract

Publication series

Conference

Bibliographical note

Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Access to Document

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Cite this