Nature and reactions of dissolved organic matter in the interstitial waters of marine sediments

Two organic rich sediments, an oxic muddy sand and a silty mud containing sulphate reducing and methane producing metabolic zones, were sampled from Loch Duich, a fjord type estuary in the N.W. coast of Scotland. Dissolved organic carbon (DOC), as measured by dry combustion and UV absorption, remained constant (8.3-15.8 mg C/l) with depth in the oxic pore waters at a concentration at least twice that of the overlying seawater. DOC in the anoxic pore waters increased linearly with depth from 13.6 at the surface to 55.9-70.5 mg C/l at 80cm. Most of the DOC was present in the high molecular weight (HMW) fraction as separated by ultrafiltration; the low molecular weight (LMW) fraction remained constant (10.0 mg C/l) in both oxic and anoxic pore waters. Spectroscopic data showed the 'humic' fraction of the HMW dissolved organic matter was mainly fulvic acid, a small proportion (approx 1%) of humic acid, and a third fraction, possibly melanoidins, which increased relative to fulvic acid with depth. These data confirm the pathway of humification (NissenBaum et al, 1971; nissenbaum and Kaplan, 1972) where HMW organic matter accumulates in pore waters as condensation products of LMW organic substances.