Nano(bio)sensors in detection of micropollutants

The introduction of nanomaterials in biosensing technology has widened the applications of nano biosensors in several fields as in the precise detection of micropollutants. A huge burden has been driven out by the micropollutants in an environment that has resulted in an alarming situation for scientists to discover innovative methods for the precise or accurate detection of micropollutants that provides sensitivity and specificity at the same time. Apart from conventionally available methods, nano biosensors provide real-time analysis and high-frequency monitoring of pollutants without much sample preparation. Nano biosensors can detect and manipulate atoms or molecules by use of nanodevices resulting in the development of biosensor devices which in turn interact with small molecules named micropollutants. This chapter aims to glance over the advancement in the fields of nano biosensors-based functionalized nanoparticles, nanotubes, or nanowires and their interaction with biorecognition materials such as enzymes, antibodies, or aptamers for the detection of aptamers.