MOTHER, FATHER, AND SONS IN ISAIAH 40–66

This article delves into theological aspects of Second and Third Isaiah, with particular attention to passages hinting at feminine qualities and maternal roles within the context of divine actions (e.g., Isa 42,14; 45,10; 46,3; 49,15; 66,13). The article questions the prevailing view that suggests a deliberate departure from the traditional portrayal of a male deity in the Hebrew Bible. Instead, the article posits that while these prophecies indeed incorporate maternal imagery, their essence is rooted in the overarching theme of restoration, which assigns a maternal role to the city of Zion. Amidst times of turmoil and ambiguity, Zion emerges as a distinct entity, separate from its inhabitants, yet serving as the primary recipient of God’s care and compassion, while the latter maintains paternal roles. This nuanced perspective prompts a reassessment of the theological dynamics within these prophetic texts, encouraging a deeper exploration of their complexities.