Les juifs de Mogador (Essaouira) pendant la Seconde Guerre Mondiale: la terreur de Vichy et sa gestion communautaire

With the gradual opening of administrative, diplomatic and community archives, the painful period of the Second World War for the Jews of North Africa is now emerging from the shadow – and perhaps even from a certain concealment – ​​historically in which it had been maintained since the end of the war. Various general or specific studies have been devoted over the last quarter of a century to those years of terror, of threats and perils for all, and of ordeal for those who experienced the horrors and often even the hell of internment or French labor (in Algeria and Morocco) and Nazis (in Libya and Tunisia). These works lift the veil on the discriminatory and violently anti-Semitic measures that were imposed on the Jewish communities of North Africa and on the lot of suffering and anguish that they experienced under the Vichy regime. As we know now, this period of restrictions, constraints, injustices, bullying and persecutions did not end with the landing of American troops on November 8, 1942 in Casablanca and Algiers. It continued well beyond, in fact until the final victory in 1945 over Hitler and the Nazis, with a certain respite all the same at the end of 1943, after the agreement reached in Algeria between General de Gaulle and General Giraud,