Israel

This chapter provides a general portrait of new migration trends to Israel and the general characteristics of the migrants themselves. The general overview is organized along two major axes that characterize migration flows to Israel since the end of the 1980s: Jewish migration under the law of return and non-Jewish and non-Palestinian flows of labor migrants. In the conclusion we expand on several challenges that have emerged within the Israeli context of immigration during the last decades: (1) migration from the former Soviet Union; (2) migration from Ethiopia; (3) non-Jewish migration under the auspices of the law of return; and (4) non-Jewish labor migrants. These challenges are likely to leave their imprint on Israel's regime of incorporation and society.