Interaction of climate change with effects of conspecific and heterospecific density on reproduction

Anders Pape Møller, Javier Balbontín, André A. Dhondt, Frank Adriaensen, Alexandr Artemyev, Jerzy Bańbura, Emilio Barba, Clotilde Biard, Jacques Blondel, Jean Charles Bouvier, Jordi Camprodon, Francesco Cecere, Motti Charter, Mariusz Cichoń, Camillo Cusimano, Anna Dubiec, Blandine Doligez, Marcel Eens, Tapio Eeva, Peter N. FernsJukka T. Forsman, Aya Goldshtein, Anne E. Goodenough, Andrew G. Gosler, Lars Gustafsson, Iga Harnist, Ian R. Hartley, Philipp Heeb, Shelley A. Hinsley, Staffan Jacob, Antero Järvinen, Rimvydas Juškaitis, Erkki Korpimäki, Indrikis Krams, Toni Laaksonen, Bernard Leclercq, Esa Lehikoinen, Olli Loukola, Mark C. Mainwaring, Raivo Mänd, Bruno Massa, Erik Matthysen, Tomasz D. Mazgajski, Santiago Merino, Cezary Mitrus, Mikko Mönkkönen, Ruedi G. Nager, Jan Åke Nilsson, Sven G. Nilsson, Ana C. Norte, Mikael von Numers, Markku Orell, Carla S. Pimentel, Rianne Pinxten, Ilze Priedniece, Vladimir Remeš, Heinz Richner, Hugo Robles, Seppo Rytkönen, Juan Carlos Senar, Janne T. Seppänen, Luís P. da Silva, Tore Slagsvold, Tapio Solonen, Alberto Sorace, Martyn J. Stenning, János Török, Piotr Tryjanowski, Arie J. van Noordwijk, Wiesław Walankiewicz, Marcel M. Lambrechts

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

Abstract

We studied the relationship between temperature and the coexistence of great tit Parus major and blue tit Cyanistes caeruleus, breeding in 75 study plots across Europe and North Africa. We expected an advance in laying date and a reduction in clutch size during warmer springs as a general response to climate warming and a delay in laying date and a reduction in clutch size during warmer winters due to density-dependent effects. As expected, as spring temperature increases laying date advances and as winter temperature increases clutch size is reduced in both species. Density of great tit affected the relationship between winter temperature and laying date in great and blue tit. Specifically, as density of great tit increased and temperature in winter increased both species started to reproduce later. Density of blue tit affected the relationship between spring temperature and blue and great tit laying date. Thus, both species start to reproduce earlier with increasing spring temperature as density of blue tit increases, which was not an expected outcome, since we expected that increasing spring temperature should advance laying date, while increasing density should delay it cancelling each other out. Climate warming and its interaction with density affects clutch size of great tits but not of blue tits. As predicted, great tit clutch size is reduced more with density of blue tits as temperature in winter increases. The relationship between spring temperature and density on clutch size of great tits depends on whether the increase is in density of great tit or blue tit. Therefore, an increase in temperature negatively affected the coexistence of blue and great tits differently in both species. Thus, blue tit clutch size was unaffected by the interaction effect of density with temperature, while great tit clutch size was affected in multiple ways by these interactions terms.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)1807-1819
Number of pages13
JournalOikos
Volume129
Issue number12
DOIs
StatePublished - Dec 2020

Bibliographical note

Publisher Copyright:
© 2020 Nordic Society Oikos. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd

Keywords

  • Cyanistes caeruleus
  • Parus major
  • blue tit
  • clutch size
  • great tit
  • interspecific competition
  • intraspecific competition
  • laying date
  • temperature anomaly

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics

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