Impact of dust storm on phytoplankton bloom over the Arabian Sea: a case study during March 2012

Kunal Bali; Amit Kumar Mishra; Sachchidanand Singh; Subhash Chandra; Yoav Lehahn

doi:10.1007/s11356-019-04602-7

Impact of dust storm on phytoplankton bloom over the Arabian Sea: a case study during March 2012

Kunal Bali, Amit Kumar Mishra, Sachchidanand Singh, Subhash Chandra, Yoav Lehahn

Department of Marine Geosciences

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Abstract

Dust storms affect the primary productivity of the ocean by providing necessary micronutrients to the surface layer. One such dust storm during March 2012 led to a substantial reduction in visibility and enhancement in aerosol optical depth (AOD) up to ~ 0.8 (AOD increased from 0.1 to 0.9) over the Arabian Sea. We explored the possible effects and mechanisms through which this particular dust storm could impact the ocean’s primary productivity (phytoplankton concentration), using satellite-borne remote sensors and reanalysis model data (2003–2016). The climatological analyses revealed anomalous March 2012 in terms of dust deposition and enhancement in phytoplankton concentration in the month of March during 2003–2016 over this region. The studied dust storm accounts for increase in the daily average surface dust deposition rate from ~ 3 to ~53 mg m ⁻² day ⁻¹ , which is followed by a significant enhancement in the chlorophyll-a (Chl_a) concentration (~ 2 to ~9 mg m ⁻³ ). We show strong association between a dust storm and an event of anomalously high biological production (with a 4-day forward lag) in the Arabian Sea. We suggest that the increase in biological production results from the superposition of two complementary processes (deposition of atmospheric nutrients and deepening of the mixed layer due to dust-induced sea surface temperature cooling) that enhance nutrient availability in the euphotic layer.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	11940-11950
Number of pages	11
Journal	Environmental Science and Pollution Research
Volume	26
Issue number	12
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-019-04602-7
State	Published - 1 Apr 2019

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
We acknowledge the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and Giovanni (giovanni.sci.gsfc.nasa.gov) for MODIS and MERRA-2 datasets used in this research. A part of this work was sponsored by ISRO-GBP (Indian Space Research Organisation—Geosphere Biosphere Programme) under ARFI (Aerosol Radiative Forcing over India) project. We are thankful to Director, NPL for his encouragement and support. We are grateful to the two anonymous referees for their valuable suggestions in improving this paper.

Funding Information:
Funding information This study was financially supported by the Department of Science and Technology, Government of India as an INSPIRE Faculty (DST/INSPIRE/04/2015/003253).

Funding Information:
Acknowledgments We acknowledge the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and Giovanni (giovanni.sci.gsfc.nasa. gov) for MODIS and MERRA-2 datasets used in this research. A part of this work was sponsored by ISRO-GBP (Indian Space Research Organisation—Geosphere Biosphere Programme) under ARFI (Aerosol Radiative Forcing over India) project. We are thankful to Director, NPL for his encouragement and support. We are grateful to the two anonymous referees for their valuable suggestions in improving this paper.

Publisher Copyright:
© 2019, Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.

Keywords

Arabian Sea
Chlorophyll_a
Dust storm
Fe-fertilisation
Phytoplankton bloom
Sea surface temperature

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Environmental Chemistry
Pollution
Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis

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10.1007/s11356-019-04602-7

Cite this

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title = "Impact of dust storm on phytoplankton bloom over the Arabian Sea: a case study during March 2012",

abstract = " Dust storms affect the primary productivity of the ocean by providing necessary micronutrients to the surface layer. One such dust storm during March 2012 led to a substantial reduction in visibility and enhancement in aerosol optical depth (AOD) up to ~ 0.8 (AOD increased from 0.1 to 0.9) over the Arabian Sea. We explored the possible effects and mechanisms through which this particular dust storm could impact the ocean{\textquoteright}s primary productivity (phytoplankton concentration), using satellite-borne remote sensors and reanalysis model data (2003–2016). The climatological analyses revealed anomalous March 2012 in terms of dust deposition and enhancement in phytoplankton concentration in the month of March during 2003–2016 over this region. The studied dust storm accounts for increase in the daily average surface dust deposition rate from ~ 3 to ~53 mg m −2 day −1 , which is followed by a significant enhancement in the chlorophyll-a (Chl_a) concentration (~ 2 to ~9 mg m −3 ). We show strong association between a dust storm and an event of anomalously high biological production (with a 4-day forward lag) in the Arabian Sea. We suggest that the increase in biological production results from the superposition of two complementary processes (deposition of atmospheric nutrients and deepening of the mixed layer due to dust-induced sea surface temperature cooling) that enhance nutrient availability in the euphotic layer.",

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author = "Kunal Bali and Mishra, {Amit Kumar} and Sachchidanand Singh and Subhash Chandra and Yoav Lehahn",

note = "Funding Information: We acknowledge the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and Giovanni (giovanni.sci.gsfc.nasa.gov) for MODIS and MERRA-2 datasets used in this research. A part of this work was sponsored by ISRO-GBP (Indian Space Research Organisation—Geosphere Biosphere Programme) under ARFI (Aerosol Radiative Forcing over India) project. We are thankful to Director, NPL for his encouragement and support. We are grateful to the two anonymous referees for their valuable suggestions in improving this paper. Funding Information: Funding information This study was financially supported by the Department of Science and Technology, Government of India as an INSPIRE Faculty (DST/INSPIRE/04/2015/003253). Funding Information: Acknowledgments We acknowledge the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and Giovanni (giovanni.sci.gsfc.nasa. gov) for MODIS and MERRA-2 datasets used in this research. A part of this work was sponsored by ISRO-GBP (Indian Space Research Organisation—Geosphere Biosphere Programme) under ARFI (Aerosol Radiative Forcing over India) project. We are thankful to Director, NPL for his encouragement and support. We are grateful to the two anonymous referees for their valuable suggestions in improving this paper. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2019, Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.",

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Impact of dust storm on phytoplankton bloom over the Arabian Sea: a case study during March 2012

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

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