"God giving birth"-connecting British Wicca with radical feminism and goddess spirituality during the 1970s-1980s: A Case Study of Monica Sjöö

Ideas of radical feminism, Goddess Spirituality and Feminist Witchcraft- which originated in the United States during the late 1960s and the 1970s before taking root in Britain-were introduced to British Wiccans during the latter half of the 1970s and throughout the 1980s. Several United Kingdom-based radical feminists who combined their newfound political awareness with Goddess Spirituality acted as important conduits for the transference of these ideas. In the case of the artist and Goddess-feminist Monica Sjöö (1938-2005), I show some of the ways in which radical and spiritual feminist religious ideas did, contrary to a commonly held view, influence the British Pagan scene in the 1960s and 1970s.