TY - JOUR
T1 - Genome evolution of blind subterranean mole rats
T2 - Adaptive peripatric versus sympatric speciation
AU - Li, Kexin
AU - Zhang, Shangzhe
AU - Song, Xiaoying
AU - Weyrich, Alexandra
AU - Wang, Yinjia
AU - Liu, Xi
AU - Wan, Na
AU - Liu, Jianquan
AU - Lovy, Matěj
AU - Cui, Haihong
AU - Frenkel, Vladimir
AU - Titievsky, Avi
AU - Panov, Julia
AU - Brodsky, Leonid
AU - Nevo, Eviatar
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2020 National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.
PY - 2020/12/22
Y1 - 2020/12/22
N2 - Speciation mechanisms remain controversial. Two speciation models occur in Israeli subterranean mole rats, genus Spalax: a regional speciation cline southward of four peripatric climatic chromosomal species and a local, geologic-edaphic, genic, and sympatric speciation. Here we highlight their genome evolution. The five species were separated into five genetic clusters by single nucleotide polymorphisms, copy number variations (CNVs), repeatome, and methylome in sympatry. The regional interspecific divergence correspond to Pleistocene climatic cycles. Climate warmings caused chromosomal speciation. Triple effective population size, Ne, declines match glacial cold cycles. Adaptive genes evolved under positive selection to underground stresses and to divergent climates, involving interspecies reproductive isolation. Genomic islands evolved mainly due to adaptive evolution involving ancient polymorphisms. Repeatome, including both CNV and LINE1 repetitive elements, separated the five species. Methylation in sympatry identified geologically chalk-basalt species that differentially affect thermoregulation, hypoxia, DNA repair, P53, and other pathways. Genome adaptive evolution highlights climatic and geologic-edaphic stress evolution and the two speciation models, peripatric and sympatric.
AB - Speciation mechanisms remain controversial. Two speciation models occur in Israeli subterranean mole rats, genus Spalax: a regional speciation cline southward of four peripatric climatic chromosomal species and a local, geologic-edaphic, genic, and sympatric speciation. Here we highlight their genome evolution. The five species were separated into five genetic clusters by single nucleotide polymorphisms, copy number variations (CNVs), repeatome, and methylome in sympatry. The regional interspecific divergence correspond to Pleistocene climatic cycles. Climate warmings caused chromosomal speciation. Triple effective population size, Ne, declines match glacial cold cycles. Adaptive genes evolved under positive selection to underground stresses and to divergent climates, involving interspecies reproductive isolation. Genomic islands evolved mainly due to adaptive evolution involving ancient polymorphisms. Repeatome, including both CNV and LINE1 repetitive elements, separated the five species. Methylation in sympatry identified geologically chalk-basalt species that differentially affect thermoregulation, hypoxia, DNA repair, P53, and other pathways. Genome adaptive evolution highlights climatic and geologic-edaphic stress evolution and the two speciation models, peripatric and sympatric.
KW - Genomic sequencing
KW - Methylation
KW - Repeatome
KW - Speciation models
KW - Subterranean rodents
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85098224808&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1073/pnas.2018123117
DO - 10.1073/pnas.2018123117
M3 - Article
C2 - 33277437
AN - SCOPUS:85098224808
SN - 0027-8424
VL - 117
SP - 32499
EP - 32508
JO - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
JF - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
IS - 51
ER -
