Embodied embroidery: therapeutic aspects of embroidery in art therapy from therapists’ perspectives

Background: The materials in art therapy are a crucial axis in the therapeutic process. Embroidery is a traditional craft that combines various materials with needle and thread and has evolved into a significant artistic genre. Despite its therapeutic potential and prominence in feminist discourse, embroidery is underrepresented in art therapy research, literature, and training programmes. Aims: This study aims to explore the therapeutic aspects of embroidery in art therapy through the perspectives of veteran art therapists who incorporate it into their clinical practice and to expand the understanding of embroidery as a therapeutic tool. Method: A qualitative phenomenological and art-informed research approach was used. Four focus groups with 13 art therapists were conducted using semi-structured interviews and interactive embroidery sessions. An Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) approach was used. Results: Embroidery practice in art therapy bridges polarities by linking the personal with the universal through a dialectic-action process. This process is reflected in three main themes: (1) Personal Level-how therapists’ personal experiences with embroidery shape their identities and foster self-connection; (2) Therapeutic Level-embroidery's role in client identity formation, therapeutic relationships, bridging contrasting embodied experiences, and the expression of silenced aspects; (3) Cultural-Social Level-therapists acting as cultural ambassadors, promoting the significance of embroidery. These themes underscore the integration of personal, therapeutic, and cultural dimensions in therapeutic practice. Conclusions: Embroidery uniquely supports personal identity, cultural connection, and grounding even in chaotic environments. It helps establish self-connection and has the potential for deep, embodied healing of personal wounds. Plain-language summary: This study explores art therapists’ views on the therapeutic aspects of embroidery, emphasising its unique combination of repetitive motion and material use. Thirteen experienced female art therapists who integrate embroidery into their practice participated in four focus groups. Their insights revealed three main themes: personal experience with embroidery, its role in therapy, and its cultural and social significance. Embroidery was found to connect various polarities through its unique qualities, aiding in integration and processing. The therapists observed that embroidery supports close self-connection, even in chaotic circumstances. They also noted that it helps navigate relationships, bridge conflicts, and express silenced voices. Additionally, it has the potential for profound, embodied healing of personal wounds and strengthens clients’ connections to their cultural and social heritage.