Distinct antimicrobial activities in aphid galls on Pistacia atlantica

Yoram Gerchman; Moshe Inbar

doi:10.4161/psb.6.12.18031

Distinct antimicrobial activities in aphid galls on Pistacia atlantica

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Abstract

Gall-formers are parasitic organisms that manipulate plant traits for their own benefit. Galls have been shown to protect their inhabitants from natural enemies such as predators and parasitoids by various chemical and mechanical means. Little attention, however, has been given to the possibility of defense against microbial pathogens in the humid and nutrient-rich gall environment. We found that the large, cauliflower-shaped, galls induced by the aphid Slavum wertheimae on buds of Pistacia atlantica trees express antibacterial and antifungal activities distinct from those found in leaves. Antibacterial activity was especially profound against Bacillus spp (a genus of many known insect pathogen) and against Pseudomonas aeruginosa (a known plant pathogen). Antifungal activity was also demonstrated against multiple filamentous fungi. Our results provide evidence for the protective antimicrobial role of galls. This remarkable antibacterial and antifungal activity in the galls of S. wertheimae may be of agricultural and pharmaceutical value.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	2008-2012
Number of pages	5
Journal	Plant Signaling and Behavior
Volume	6
Issue number	12
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.4161/psb.6.12.18031
State	Published - 2011

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
weight was 49 (±5) mg. Cultures were allowed to grow for 24 to 48 h at 30°C, and growth inhibition was estimated by measuring three randomly selected diameters around the disk. All experiments were performed in triplicate, except for the experiments The authors thank Dr. Tamar Keasar and Prof. Ido Izhaki for fruitful discussions and assistance with the statistical analysis. We also thank Dr. Shai Markman for valuable comments on the manuscript. This research was supported by The Israel Science Foundation (grant No. 940/08 to M.I.) and by the Oranim college seed money grant program.

Keywords

Antibacterial
Antifungal
Antimicrobial
Gall
Multiple defenses
Pathogens
Pistacia
Secondary metabolites
Slavum wertheimae

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Plant Science

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

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10.4161/psb.6.12.18031

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title = "Distinct antimicrobial activities in aphid galls on Pistacia atlantica",

abstract = "Gall-formers are parasitic organisms that manipulate plant traits for their own benefit. Galls have been shown to protect their inhabitants from natural enemies such as predators and parasitoids by various chemical and mechanical means. Little attention, however, has been given to the possibility of defense against microbial pathogens in the humid and nutrient-rich gall environment. We found that the large, cauliflower-shaped, galls induced by the aphid Slavum wertheimae on buds of Pistacia atlantica trees express antibacterial and antifungal activities distinct from those found in leaves. Antibacterial activity was especially profound against Bacillus spp (a genus of many known insect pathogen) and against Pseudomonas aeruginosa (a known plant pathogen). Antifungal activity was also demonstrated against multiple filamentous fungi. Our results provide evidence for the protective antimicrobial role of galls. This remarkable antibacterial and antifungal activity in the galls of S. wertheimae may be of agricultural and pharmaceutical value.",

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author = "Yoram Gerchman and Moshe Inbar",

note = "Funding Information: weight was 49 (±5) mg. Cultures were allowed to grow for 24 to 48 h at 30°C, and growth inhibition was estimated by measuring three randomly selected diameters around the disk. All experiments were performed in triplicate, except for the experiments The authors thank Dr. Tamar Keasar and Prof. Ido Izhaki for fruitful discussions and assistance with the statistical analysis. We also thank Dr. Shai Markman for valuable comments on the manuscript. This research was supported by The Israel Science Foundation (grant No. 940/08 to M.I.) and by the Oranim college seed money grant program.",

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doi = "10.4161/psb.6.12.18031",

language = "English",

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N2 - Gall-formers are parasitic organisms that manipulate plant traits for their own benefit. Galls have been shown to protect their inhabitants from natural enemies such as predators and parasitoids by various chemical and mechanical means. Little attention, however, has been given to the possibility of defense against microbial pathogens in the humid and nutrient-rich gall environment. We found that the large, cauliflower-shaped, galls induced by the aphid Slavum wertheimae on buds of Pistacia atlantica trees express antibacterial and antifungal activities distinct from those found in leaves. Antibacterial activity was especially profound against Bacillus spp (a genus of many known insect pathogen) and against Pseudomonas aeruginosa (a known plant pathogen). Antifungal activity was also demonstrated against multiple filamentous fungi. Our results provide evidence for the protective antimicrobial role of galls. This remarkable antibacterial and antifungal activity in the galls of S. wertheimae may be of agricultural and pharmaceutical value.

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KW - Multiple defenses

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Distinct antimicrobial activities in aphid galls on Pistacia atlantica

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

UN SDGs

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