Did plate tectonic changes lead to the emergence of hominid bipedalism?

Zvi Ben-Avraham, Joel Rak, Gerald Schubert, Emanuele Lodolo, Uri Schattner

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

Abstract

When early hominids began walking upright around 6 Ma, their evolutionary course took a sharp turn. The new posture enabled physical and mental developments that had not been possible before. The factors driving the transition from quadrupedalism to bipedalism remain open. Most studies have linked this fundamental transition to environmental, topographical, geomorphological, and climatic changes that progressively transformed jungle- and forest-dominated areas of southern and eastern Africa into vast savannas, thus partitioning ecological niches. During the same timeframe, major tectonic events occurred worldwide within a relatively short geological period, due to a significant and sudden shift in the motion of the Pacific plate. In our previous work, we coined the term ripple tectonics to link a major tectonic impact to the short-term local events it caused worldwide. The ripple tectonic cascade in the Pacific around 6 Ma instigated significant environmental transformations in Africa, which ultimately catalyzed the biological evolution of early hominids towards a bipedal posture.

Original languageEnglish
Article number1381510
JournalFrontiers in Environmental Archaeology
Volume3
DOIs
StatePublished - 2024

Bibliographical note

Publisher Copyright:
Copyright © 2024 Ben-Avraham, Rak, Schubert, Lodolo and Schattner.

Keywords

  • East Africa Rift
  • Hominid bipedalism
  • Pacific plate
  • plate tectonics
  • ripple tectonics

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Archaeology
  • Social Sciences (miscellaneous)
  • Archaeology

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