Between victims of crime and victims of terrorism: Victims’ rights in the military courts in the West Bank

In June 2018, a new Reform came into effect in the Judea and Samaria Area (the West Bank; hereinafter “the Area”). For the first time, victims of terror activity that was adjudicated in military courts in the Area, acting under international law, were given statutory rights. These victims were awarded new procedural rights, including the right to receive information regarding the proceedings against the defendant, updates regarding plea bargains, release from prison, and pardon. The rights that crime victims are now entitled to, following the Reform, will allow them to state their opinion on and take part in the proceeding, though not entirely so. The article describes the new Reform regarding victims of terrorism in the Area. It explains the legal, international, and social factors that were at the basis of the Reform. It portrays how these changes are compliant with principles of international law and of foreign legal systems relating to enhancing the protection of crime victims. The article then explores the normative changes expected as a result of the Reform and performs a preliminary evaluation of future developments resulting from its application, de facto. Simultaneously, the article poses criticism to certain aspects of the Reform, such as regarding the enforcement of compensation awarded to victims of terrorism in the Area, and offers suggestions for improvement.