Analysis of R-out-of-N repairable systems: The case of phase-type distributions

An R-out-of-N repairable system, consisting of N independent components, is operating if at least R components are functioning. The system fails whenever the number of good components decreases from R to R - 1. A failed component is sent to a repair facility. After a failed component has been repaired it is as good as new. Formulae for the availability of the system using Markov renewal and semi-regenerative processes are derived. We assume that either the repair times of the components are generally distributed and the components' lifetimes are phase-type distributed or vice versa. Some duality results between the two systems are obtained. Numerical examples are given for several distributions of lifetimes and of repair times.