Alkaloid chemodiversity in Mandragora spp. is associated with loss-of-functionality of MoH6H, a hyoscyamine 6β-hydroxylase gene

Daniel Schlesinger, Rachel Davidovich Rikanati, Sergei Volis, Adi Faigenboim, Vera Vendramin, Federica Cattonaro, Matthew Hooper, Elad Oren, Mark Taylor, Yaron Sitrit, Moshe Inbar, Efraim Lewinsohn

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

Abstract

Mandrakes (Mandragora spp., Solanaceae) are known to contain tropane alkaloids and have been used since antiquity in traditional medicine. Tropane alkaloids such as scopolamine and hyoscyamine are used in modern medicine to treat pain, motion sickness, as eye pupil dilators and antidotes against organo-phosphate poisoning. Hyoscyamine is converted to 6β-hydroxyhyoscyamine (anisodamine) and scopolamine by hyoscyamine 6β-hydroxylase (H6H), a 2-oxoglutarate dependent dioxygenase. We describe here a marked chemo-diversity in the tropane alkaloid content in Mandragora spp. M. officinarum and M. turcomanica lack anisodamine and scopolamine but display up to 10 fold higher hyoscyamine levels as compared with M. autumnalis. Transcriptomic analyses revealed that H6H is highly conserved among scopolamine-producing Solanaceae. MoH6H present in M. officinarum differs in several amino acid residues including a homozygotic mutation in the substrate binding region of the protein and its prevalence among accessions was confirmed by Cleaved-Amplified-Polymorphic-Sequence analyses. Functional expression revealed that MaH6H, a gene isolated from M. autumnalis encodes an active H6H enzyme while the MoH6H sequence isolated from M. officinarum was functionally inactive. A single G to T mutation in nucleotide 663 of MoH6H is associated with the lack of anisodamine and scopolamine in M. officinalis.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)301-310
Number of pages10
JournalPlant Science
Volume283
DOIs
StatePublished - Jun 2019

Bibliographical note

Publisher Copyright:
© 2019 Elsevier B.V.

Keywords

  • 2-Oxoglutarate-dependent dioxygenases
  • Anisodamine
  • Cleaved-amplified-polymorphic-sequence (CAPS) analyses
  • Hyoscyamine
  • Scopolamine
  • Solanaceae
  • Tropane alkaloids

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Agronomy and Crop Science
  • Genetics
  • Plant Science

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