Abstract
A 13th-century-BC shipwreck site, Hishuley Carmel, is described and discussed. It provides direct evidence for marine transport of copper and tin along the Israeli coast and may indicate inland and maritime trade-routes of metals in the Mediterranean. The shipwreck represents a supply-system providing the demand for bronze in the Levant. Trace-elements and lead-isotope analysis suggest that the copper came from Cyprus, similarly to bun and oxhide ingots from Uluburun. The source of the tin cannot yet be ascertained. The medium-size ship was probably grounded and wrecked during a storm. Some of the cargo may have been salvaged in Antiquity.
Original language | English |
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Pages (from-to) | 2-23 |
Number of pages | 22 |
Journal | International Journal of Nautical Archaeology |
Volume | 42 |
Issue number | 1 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - Mar 2013 |
Keywords
- Carmel coast
- Copper
- Isotopes
- Lead
- Marine archaeology
- Stone anchors
- Tin
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Oceanography
- History
- Archaeology
- Paleontology